Zinc, tin, aluminium, nickel are the common points of these four elements in copper solid solubility is very big, 39.9%, 15.8% and 9.4%, respectively, nickel is infinite and miscibility, they form a continuous solid solution with copper, has a broad single-phase area, they can significantly improve the mechanical properties of copper, corrosion resistance, but reduce copper conductive, thermal performance, compared with other metal materials, still belongs to the excellent electrical and thermal conductive materials, they and copper form of precious metal, can be divided for brass, bronze, copper alloy, constructed a huge alloy system, the basis of the alloy with excellent comprehensive performance. Brass, for example, has high strength, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, low cost; Bronze has high strength, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance; Cupronickel has very good bad water and sea water corrosion resistance, all these advantages are other metal materials can not replace.
Little metal tungsten, molybdenum, niobium is not solid soluble in copper, trace crystal core can be used as a fine grains, increase in the crystallization temperature. Tungsten copper, molybdenum, copper powder production has the very high heat resistance, volume is very big, thermal conductivity is better than that of hard metal, is an important material of heat sink, used in the electronics industry in solid state devices.
Rare metals cicc, palladium, platinum, rhodium and copper infinite miscibility, is a valuable solder alloy, used for electronic components encapsulation and all kinds of contact. Other rare and scattered and element trace is copper, or with copper alloy, has important application in the special environment, many elements in the study of the behavior of the copper is deepening.